Mixed-mode surveys try to combine the best of all possible worlds by exploiting the advantages of different modes to compensate for their weaknesses (de Leeuw, 2005). This idea is as old as the survey method itself. Already in 1788, Sir John Sinclair used a mixed-mode approach. Lacking funds for a full statistical census, Sinclair used a cost-effective mail survey among ministers of all parishes in the Church of Scotland. To achieve a high response Sinclair also used follow-up letters and finally ‘statistical missionaries’, who personally visited the late responders to hurry ministerial replies. It worked; Sinclair achieved a 100% response (Hacking, 1990; Whithers, 2010 at http://www.edina.uk). That such a sequential mixed-mode strategy, where one method follows upon another, is also highly successful in the 21st century is illustrated by the American Community Survey. To achieve a high response rate at affordable costs a mail survey is used with follow-up telephone interviews for nonrespondents. In the last stage, face-to-face interviews are conducted on a subsample of the remaining non-respondents (American Community Survey Design and Methodology Report, 2009, chapter 7).